Water-wheel regulator.



A. DICKERSON.

WATER WHEEL REGULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-6.1916.

1 ,279, 84:8 Patented Sept. 24, 1918.

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Patented Sept. 24, 1918 4 SHEETSSHEET 2- A. DICKERSON. WATERWHEE'L REGULATOR.

' APPLICATION FILED NOV-6.1916.

Patented Sept. 24, 1918.

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A. DICKERSON.

WATER'WHEEL REGULATOR. APPLICATION FILED NOV 6,1916.

. 1,279, 43, PatehtedSepf. 24,1918..

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Be it known that I, A THUR DI KERSZON, a citizen of the United States, residing at SaltLake City, in the county of Salt Lake and State of Utah have invented certain new and useful Improvements, in Water- WheelRegulators ef 1 i h h following is a specificatio r Y Y Y My invention; relates to waterwlleelg' governors HIIClE hZ IS"fOII;ltS object to. providea fluid; operated governorfor prime movers and consists. of certain novel constructions prime mover.

and combination ofparts herein: described and claimed whereby it IS HPQS SlblB toregulate the source of power commensurate with the; load carried by the prime mover. A furtherobje'ct is to regulate the fiovy of the water by increasing ordecreasmg the flow beyond-the required amount in order to. se-

cure the desired. change quickly and then to automatically adjust th'e governing elements of the machine whereby thediflerent parts maybe brought into; normal position: commensurate with the newfload carriedbythe These and P ent'I accomplish with the improvement illustrated in the accompanying *drawingsrin .WlllCll-fill'lllltll' letters. and numerals of reference indicate like parts throughout the sevei1alfiguresl aiid described in the specification forming a part of this applicat onfand pointed out in the appended-clainos, Y In the drawings in ivhich I have shownj a substantial. embodiment of my invention, Figure ljijs a side elevation of themachine.

4 V ,Fig. 2'is a frontelevation of thesaI-ne. I :Fig'. 3 isa vert cal section on line 3 3 of Fig.1 4 is an ele vationin detail qfiui inain hydraulic; valves and stem, 'som'e vha-t enlarged from the vieni shown ijnFig, 3..

w Fig."5 1s a VLQXV partially-in section of'the dash-pot we, with; parts elevation show.- ingfintelfior ofthe valve chestwith thevalves Fig; ease, plan vi'ey'v of thcperforated piston: operat'edin the dash pot. j ,Fig. 7 is atransverse section on line 7 7 ofFig; 6, r v

Fig. 8 isa longitudinal section of the dashpot valve rod and stem.

-'Fig, 9 isa side elevation, of thear mbfthe bell. crank lever showing the roller mounted thereon.

a wa'rnmwiinnn nueutmon."

Specification of Letters Patent.

other objects which are V Patented Sept.124, 1 91 s.

application fi lediNovember 6, 19.16; serial' No. 129,587.

Fig; is an elevation in detail o t the builerelements. 1 n 3 r H The-present: invention; consists] of a metal il. tank A,v which is filled with oil; not under pressure but kept moving through the. valve rhentsof the-machine, and by; them theyvater gate is instantly 1 and automatically ire lated improportion tothe load; cari iedg prime mover.

. The main driveshattroil? :the ig ovetnor the rotary pump shafti lv which list rotatedby chest B by the rotary oll: pu-inp- C andthe the prime mover through thes gk'ulley ;2. 'z The said, shaftl extendsth-rough t e oil tank A and is mounted in bearing that. aresecured on the Walls; of said tank. 1 On; theend} portion of said shalt 1 opposite theisaid' pulley .2 isanothe-r loosely carried pulley 3-having extended hubs l7 5. .1 (In the hub 4 adjavcentithe said oil tank A is cuta .-spi-rally only 3 artiallyaround the said hub; opens into the bore of saidjhubi A square shoe 7 is carried on a, radiall extended pin 8' that is secured in saidsha t: 1', and; said shoe; is operated in said slot 6', whe'rebyfthe pulley isgmoved toward or iron} said tank Aasfthe sa id shaft is rotated; the said pin moving the shoe in said slot. actsas a screw to move the pully ,A loose coilspri'ng 11,09-fhasone end secured to said shaft 1, by a' collar 108, andthe other endis fastened to the said hub l, W hi ch. spring wilrl when the devicejis in use, normally hold} s'aidap u-lley. in; such "posi- 'tion that the said shoe? isabout the medial point: in slot 6 but. anyg deviation from ,the set speed of the said shaft lwvil'l move disposed cam slot li, lTh-esaid slot extends the shoe in the slot, and thereby theposition o t e pu l y wi a h -fte l n dinal y onthefshaft'l.

y The outer hub 5 V V a collar flange; 9; formed thereonand arolley 1:4 mounted on-thedependin-garm-10 0i abell crank lever 1 contacts with saidcollar flange 9. r The said bel-L crank lever 11 is pivotedzon an extended bracketl2that is secured to saidatank A. The weight oi the bell crank, lever 1 -1 keeps, a rollerv l l that is mounted in-the end; of the arm 10': in contact 'vviith said collar flange 9.- The said pullev is, belt connected-t0 the fly ball frame thesbelt-lii, hThe flyball f-naine threaded sleeve 25 on its upper end.

"said friction lever 28.

G consists of a small pulley 21, over which the belt 16 is operated, the horizontally d1sposed fiat springs 15, the fly-balls 22,, and the sleeve 23 on which the disk 18 is fastened. The fly ball frame G is loosely carried on a shaft 20 which is mounted in the heart shaped rack 17 which is fastened to the side of the valve chest B. An annular disk 18 is mounted on and rotates with said fly-ball frame G. A buffer element H is mounted on said rack 17 and consists of a bearing standard 24 having an internallly buffer bolt '26 is threaded to operate in said sleeve '25 and is provided with a recessed bufl'er'head 27 which head carries a leather washer that is adapted to bear against the said disk 18. A friction lever 28 is carried on said bolt 26, and the upper end of link rod .30 is pivoted through one end portion of The outer end of said bufler bolt 26 is squared to provide a wrench engaging portion for adjusting. The buffer .bolt 26 is threaded and may be longitudinally moved by said threads by two methods. First, said bolt may be rotated and thus moved longitudinally by manually using a wrench on its squared head, this is done for adjustment. Second,".it may be partially rotated by moving the friction lever 28, which lever is held in gripping contact around said bolt 26, and when said lever: 28 is moved by the link rod 30, the bolt will be moved longitudinally. A hearing ca'se31' is fastened onthe upper side of said oil tank A and oneiportion of said case given a cylindrical form as at. 32 and providedwith a detachable head 33, Through the cylindrical portion of said casing ashaft 34 is operated, and within said bearingcase 31 and on said shaft 34 a gear wheel '35 is fastened. The teeth of said gear wheel 35 mesh with the teeth of a rack bar 36, that is attached to the bottom of the piston rod 37 by means of which connection is made to the piston 38. The saidpiston 38 is operated within a' cylinder 39 whichismounted on the upper end of said casing 31. Ingress and egress openings are provided in the walls of said cylinder 39, one above and the other below said, piston 38', leading to the interior of said valve chest B. Oil is pumped in a continuous flow from the said oil tank Athrough the pipes D, valve chest B, and filling the cylinder 39' on both sides of its piston 38 is returned to the interior of said oil tank through the pipe E. The said'oil enters said valvechest B through the pipe D near its medial portion; The valve chest B consists of two opposed walls 40 and 41 which are held together by the bolts 42. The

inner face' of each of said .walls.40 and .41 are recessed to form a valve chamber with the link rods 30' and 81.

sides offthepiston- 61.

, rack bar 76 is operated on and 46 and 47 in the other portion. Oil

passages open from the interior of said valve chamberbetween the valve seats 44 and 45 and betweenthe valve seats 46 and 47 to the interior of said cylinder 39, the one between 44 and 45 is shown as 48, and that between 46 and 47 is shown at 49. The valves 50 and 51, and 52 and 53'which are secured on the valve stem 54 that is pivoted to the middle of a floating lever 80. The said floating lever 80is medially pivoted to the lowerend of the valve stem 54, and has one end operatively connected with the dashpot cylinder 60, and the other end connected I The link rods 30 connects with the buffer elements and the link rod 81 with one end ofthe bell-crank lever 11. The said floating lever 80 is the connecting means whereby the fly-balls, the buffer element, the pulley 3 and its connections and the dash-pot and its connections operatively through which they co-act to produce the governing features of the present invention. On the upper end of said valve'stem 54, a

locking collar 55 is secured, against which collar a set'screw 56 may be manually set to lock the valve stem 54 as desired. A threaded bearing 57 is fastened on the upper set screw is operated. v

A vertically disposed oil filled dash-pot member 'K is suspended at'the side of said valve chest B by means of an eye bracket 65. Said bracket extends from the cylinder base to which it is secured and is formed as a ring through which the dash-pot guides. The ring also serves the purpose of. an abutment forthe springs 66, one 'of which is above and the other below said ring" and are coiled around the outside of the dash-pot. These with other abutments which retain the springs form the suspension'forsaid dash-pot.. These springs are end of said valve chest B within which said herein called. compensatorsprings, and are portion iscentrally bored to provide a valve seat therein for a needle valve 63,;and has two radial ports 63" opening on the opposite The said valve -63 is formed on the lower end of the valve stem 64. A portion of which is threaded as at 65 to mesh with internal threads cut in the bore of said valve rod 62 and by means .ofwhich said needle valve "63is adjusted. The lower end ofsaid valve rod 62 is screwed into a small rack bar 76 which meshes with a pinion 77 on the said power'shaft 34. The said the opposite side brought together and' of said shaft'34 and moves opposite to I piston rod 37 on the piston 38.

" 'Theinain driveshaft of the Two ;valves 68 arearranged in the said dash=pot cylinder and are yieldinglyheld by the spirali springs 67, 1The"said valves 68 are normally'closed and are-only called 'intoaction' when alongitudinal movement of the cylinder 60 is great enough rtowc omvpress either-10f the outside springste to near *its limittof compression at i which vtime the required inside spring 69uwill move one of said valves 68, which willuopen theports of thatside permitting less resistance of the piston asit moves through theoil -medium with which the dash-pot 1s filled.

The. operation of mymachine is as follows:

.With power applied through the pulley, 2 and shaft 1, rack, pinion and other connections the oil is pumped ina continuous flow through valve chest B-and fillsthe cylinder 39fand all interior spa'ces, passing out of the exhaust side of the. valve chest into a pipe Eithat conducts the oilibackto the tank A.

The two admission valves5'0 and 52, andthe two exhaust valves 51 -and 53 are 'so constructed in the chestfB'tthat there niust 'always he the equal of one valve opening, both in and out, permitting a constant flow of oil. The diversion of this oil or its pressure is macleto either end ofthe cylinder .39 by the valve movements, for the'valvesin a central position will give equal pressure in each end' of the cylinder 39 at rest, and ,shouldany changefrom this central position ,beimade the force'rwill be instantly diverted without loss'oftiine toithe required side vof the piston 38. As the oil is not under air, pressure there willbe no carbonizing, and as-zthe oil isin constant movement it willkeep warm.

In the present. invention the hydraulic power of the moving oil ,isa-j continuous "force ri idly connecting the w continuous pump and the water, gate or-other source of power avithou-t lost motion or ,:Clelay, and always gives positive action, The governing application or feature .of this hydraulic power while comparatively simple, in construction is i somewhat difficult -z to describe 'owing to its combined and c0-acting elements belng so tied together 1n :tCtlOn, that separate or individual action cannot be com sidered. The governing features mustbe separately explained and the whole considered as a system of balancesmvhich maybe "set atnfixed limits, and whichare disturbed by changes in the prime mover and tend to qu ckly I'GfStOIGthBll equ1l1br1um,=or normal actionwhich action varies and isdetermined by the set speed of. the governor. a

governor which is also therota'ry pump shaft extends -through thebase of the mach-ine, one e1 id carries the pulley 2 'whichis operatively connected to the prime mover,- and the{ other endof the shaft carries the loosepulley \Vh en, the said pulley 3 is turned' upon the shaft or the shaft turned' throughl-the crank lever 11. "connected to the fly balls and runs'themyin practice the coil;sprin V109 on the hub of pulley the action must and does move the :pulley along the shaft, having the effect of a screw;v This construction is a vital point, as it permits momentary difierences in. the speed of the shaft and the pulley to the extent of the length of the slot," and'in'order toimake a sensitive use of this difference the loose coil spring 109 is wound around the shaft 1* and one'en'd of the spring is fiXed'to the pulley hub and the other end to the -collar l08 which-is made fast to the shaft by a set serew. Sufficient tension is given the spring- -109, that when the vpulley is-turned by hand =on=the shaft to thelimit of one end of the slot 6, the spring tension is ample to draw the pulley back to the other slot limit while belted to' the fly balls above and "moving them also; On the other, or outer hub of thepulley 3 is the collar flange 9which contacts with one end of. the bell crank lever 11, the'other end of thebell crank lever is connected to another element that moves the valves to control the hydraulic powerin the cylinder 39. The'.weight'of the .bell crank lever and'its attachmentskeeps the; roller 14 on its end in contact with the collar 9 of the loose pulley, and the longitudinal movement of the loose pulley either way moves. the bell The loose pulley is belt the-loose pulley'has su cienttension to run previously statechthe" loose pulley drives the flyballs and thegfly balls and disk bytheir inertia react upon the pulley. The fly-balls. and disk, called the. control, is' fixed to its shaft 20 at thesmall pulleyend'but is free a on theshaft at the disk end, sothat the pull of the fly-balls outward from center draws thedisk'end toward the opposite fixed end,

this movement of the disk 18 is limited-by "what is'called the buffer element -H.-.-As previously stated, one end ofthe bolt 26 is recessed to receive a :leatherwasher which contacts the" side surface of the dish, a squared end of the bolt can be turned by a "wrench to set the speed desired; The 'fric tion lever 28' which" extends from the buifer at-rightangles,'has attached thereto a link "rod tliat"fconnects withother elements which tend to "move .it' under. certain conditions ancl a'lso'to'restore it to the: set speed when a -s'peed'correction has been made; this speed adjustment on the bufi'er is'in part effected byrthe action of'ithe loose pulley, and is 1 30 finally made by the compensator springs 66 tln'rough tho floating lever connect1on.. -In

this \\*aythe looscpulley arrangement and the buffer elements, by means of their belt,

=l'50' R. P. M. will give-the fly-balls about 1500 R. P. M. sufficient to create a proper inertia of these parts. And through the buffer, as a limiting device, to, control the orbit of the fly-balls and act asa resistance or brake. Under such operatingconditions those parts modified somewhat by'other connections, are set to run at a given speed, the normally applied power beiug'suflicient to overcome the inertia of the'moving parts and connections, Valsothe set resistance of the bulfer which is acting at all times as a brake to. the fly-ball limito'fthe centrifugal orbit. Henceif thebuffer-brake be applied with more forcethanthe' fly ball orbit isreduced and the brake effect-reduces the speed of themoving parts, or if the buffer brake be in part withdrawn, the fly-ball orbit is increased, the brake resistance lessened and the speedof the parts increased. 'Tliecentrifugal force of the fly-balls being, the opposing force to thebufferelements. It should be noted, that the leather faced buffer does notmalre a wearingcontact-with the surface of the disk, as a thin layer of highly compressed air is between the two surfaces under normal which are-high speed conditions. Thus the combination just described of loose pulley, fly-balls and buffer are co-acting elements under the control of the operator to be set with fixed limits to automatically move the valvesiwhich control the hydraulic power in thecylinder. Any change in thespeed of the prime mover at once changes thespeed relation of-the main shaft'of the governor with the loose pulley 3 as described, which'pull-ey,---maintains its normal set speed, therefore a slight speed difference of the prime mover will cause a movement of theupulley along the shaft either way, which by its connections moves the valves and cause the hydraulic power to move the water gate of the prime mover and restorethe balance. between the power and load. This is done instantly and with precision, as there is an exact mechanical connection which causes aproportionate water gate movement for every horizontal movement of the loose pulley. The

- required movements of the different parts are very small, like the short end of a very long lever, to cause a large effect onithe water gate. F or instanceythemain valves in control of the hydraulic power, have a total movement, in a 2000 foot pounds-governor, of 5/64 of an inch, normally. the valves stand in the. center, sothat the; movement is half of this to close a full open, gate suflicient to cover the throwing on or 01f of ayfullyload,'on the prime mover.

The'loose pulley 8 is given excess movementlimits to; aid in positive action, but its action is combined with: the dash-pot .elements and-they jointly effect the hydraulic valvesin said cylinder 39' and all three coact through the buffer elements and the rod attached-to thefloatinglever. And this combined action, through the valve rod- 62, rack 7 6' and. pinion? 7' on the end of floating lever is the tie to the hydraulic power shaft and is suflioient'to act as a neutralizer. That is to bring the hydraulic valves 50 to inclusive tocenter at the ends of each" piston movement. The action of" the dash potis as follows:

The outside 1 coil springs 66 which balance at normalspeed act upon-the hydraulic valves 50:.toT53 through. the floating lever if thespeedrlischanged. These springs 66. are brought into actioni'by the movement of the cylinder 60. A slow movement of the perforated piston 61 will by pass the oil through the holes 6-3 in the rod 62 and gives:little,'if any, effect on the outside springs 66. While a quick movement of the said piston is resisted by the oiland moves the cylinder 60 bodily, opposed by one of the outside springs 66, and if the movement is continued, finally by one of the insidesp'rings 69, which opens one "of the valves 68, piston and relieves the compression on the outside. coil spring. The function of the dash-potis to provide an automatic element which isv called; into ac- 'tion to. meet over thrust or over-trav.el of power when the governor is called to add power; in elfect taking the added power oil in proportion to its torceand absorbing the shock of change. Also the 2revers'seeffect of over-balance of load" as againstthe power called fen-which the governor canonly supply on condition that the water and its movement isample t'omeet the load need when the gates'are opened. To absorb the force of an excess movement and take on or throw off power quickly and then to give up that force in a gradual correction of the disturbed normal speed, acting to; oppose radical movements.

finer-modifications thatmake for perfection of speed control under various conditions that will notin practice be generally applied,

giving the governor a wide range,

This is the general function, there are springs on the dashpot are balanced, the I floating; lever is practically horizontal, the e hydraulic valves are all away from their respective seats or in neutral position, the

- piston in the cylinder is balanced and sta# a the speed of the prime :mover, -'likewise the main shaft of the-governor'to which it is belted, the loose pulley for the time remains at-the set speed, as the-spring 109 yields easily, two speeds are set up between the shaft "and pulley, exactly measured in the travel of the pulley along the shaft outwarcL'which, through the bell cranlr-lever 11 and its connections toythe valvesyadinits pressureto the piston to move the fgiLtBSytO reduce the power, there is no waiting, the governor 1 action starts 1 at the beginning and continues with a "series of movements untll the balance of speeds has-been made. The detail-of the movements are described as follows:

"The I accelerated speed -'of the shaft moves the loose pulley 3 out-ward along the :shaft, the collar 7' 9 of' the loose pullev 'permlts the lower arm of-the' bell crank lever' to'follow it-outw-ard, thus moving'the opposite end of the-lever downwardand with 'itthe rod con-, nected with the center of the floating lever and drawing down the "valves in the valve chest B; Thereare four valves out on one T stem from a 'barof steel, when one moves all move; beginning at the top, the first valve, the upper exhaust- 50, is I closed bythe downward movement, the next valve, admission'51,'isopened, the next- 'valve, admission 52, is closed-,th'e neXt,'-'the lower exhaust '53,

is opened withthearesult ofadmitting pressure above the piston 38 which -moves down ward, the piston-rod 37 and rack-bar 36, tating-the pinion wheel 35 thereby revolvin the power shaft 34,-which' bya notherrac and-pinion-moves the Watergate, or, other source of power, to reduce it to balancethe decreased load. Y

Returning to observe otherefi'ects on the floating leverSO whichwaspulled down ward by the bell crank lever 11, which'le'ver 80 as thus used has one end attached to the dash-pot as a fulcrum. The movement of the power shaft in the direction to close the gate, moves the dash-pot rack 7 6 and rod 62 upward which compresses the lower outside spring 66 of the'dash-pot 1n proportion to the amount and suddenness of the load change, opposin the excess effect of the loose pulley to ta e off too much power, and returns the buffer element to its set speed which has been momentarily disturbed; the speed of the fly-balls having been momentarily allowed to increase to put them in (not the governor), which momentary action of the fly-balls is quickly and accuthe rod @54Pan'd ibring thevalves to a central position.-- vWhen the ent-out is applied the governor :is' operated by a hand wheel '70 geared to move-the power shaft and thereby to "move" the water gate without :shutting down the running parts of the governor.

l heha'ndr wheel 70 is usedwto start the goi' ernor 'rwhen -the plant is shut down. Thereis no need to :have-the governor shut down the power-plant, as this is'usually objected to; --The drive belt is made safe, but should it break the speed will notchange until a load'pliangeoccurs:and hand control can beihad atonce.

l Having thus described my invention I 5 desire'to-secure by Letters Patent and' claim: 1 1. A water wheel regulator, comprising a casingy a shaft journaled thereon and connected with the controlling mechanism :of the gate when said shaft is rotated; a cylindcr n'iounted on said casing having-an inlet andfan outlet opening: thereto; a piston operable insaid cylinderhaving a connection with said shaft whereby Isaid shaft is rotated when said'piston is movedin said cylinder; a valve chest having openings there in in communication with the openings in said cylinder; a pump driven by the prime moverandconnected' by pipes with themterior of said valve chest, whereby oiliscontinuously pumped through said valve chest; valves operable'in said'valve chest to'direct the flow of saidoil; a valve rod on which said valves are formed; a fioating lever -medially-pivoted on thelower end ofsaid valve rod"; a dash-pot carried: on one-end of said lever; and braking elements carried Ollilihfi other end of said lever, and each adapted to be moved independently and ointly by the movement of said lever; and a rack adapted to be moved by said dash-pot in opposite direction to the movement of said piston.

2. A water wheel regulator comprising an oil tank; a valve chest above said oil tank; pipes connecting said tank and said valve chest; a pump to move oil contained in said tank through said pipes and said valve chest; a cylinder connected with said valve chest; a piston operable in said cylinder; a power shaft journaled below said cylinder and connected with the Water gate; a gear wheel secured on said shaft and moved by said piston; a valve rod and valves to direct the flo'wof oil through said valve chest; a floating lever medially pivoted to said valve rod; a pinion on said power shaft; a rack connected to one end of said floating lever and engaging said pinion which is moved when said power shaft is partially rotated and when the end of said floating lever is moved; and means to dampen the movement of said floating lever.

3. A water wheel regulator comprising an oil tank; a valve chest above said oil tank; pipes eonnectingsaid tank and Said valve chest; a pump to move oil contained in said tank through said pipes and said valve chest; :1 cylinder connected Withsaid valve chest; a piston operable in said cylinder; a power shaft journaled below said cylinder; and connected with-the water gate; a gear wheel secured on said shaft and moved by said piston; a valve rod and valves to direct the flow of oil through said valve chest; a floating lever medially pivoted to said valve rod; a pinion on said power shaft; a rack connected to one end of said floating lever and engaging said pinion which is moved when said power shaft is partially rotated and when the end of said floating lever is moved; and means to dampen the movement of said floating lever; said means consisting of a dash-pot on one end and braking elements connected to. the other end of said floating lever.

4. A water wheel regulator comprising a shaft connected with the Water gate; a valve chest; a valve rod and valves thereon operable in said chest; a cylinder having oil passages open between it and said valve chest; a piston operable in said cylinder; means operatively connecting said piston and said shaft whereby the shaft is rotated when the piston is moved; a shaft connected with and rotated by the prime mover; a pulley carried on and yieldingly connected with the last mentioned shaft; a bell crank lever movable with said pulley; a floating lever adapted to fulcrum at three points and suspended from the end of said valve rod; a link rod connecting one arm of said bell crank lever at one end of said floating lever;

5. A water wheel regulator comprising an g 011 tank; a valve chest above said oil tank; pipes connecting sa1d tank and said valve chest; a pump to move 011 contained in said tank through said pipes and said valve chest; a cyhnder connected With said valve chest; a piston operable in said cylinder; a power shaft journaled below said cylinder and connected with the water gate; a gear wheelsecured on said shaft and moved by said piston; a valve rod and valves to dimet the flow of oil through said valve chest; a floating lever medially pivoted to said valve rod; a pinion on said power shaft; a rack connected to one, end of said floating lever and engaging said pinion whcrebysaid power shaft is partially rotated when the end of said floating lever is moved; and means to dampen the movement ofsaid floating lever; said means consisting of a cylinder mounted between encircling. springs thereon which springs allow a limited longitudinal movement of said cylinder; a perforated piston operable in said cylinder; a hollow valve rod mounted longitudinally. in

said cylinder and on which said perforated piston is fastened and having ports opening from said hollowed interior; a valve stem operable in said hollow valve rod to regulate the flow of liquid through said ports; valves carried on said hollow valve rod adapted to cover the perforations in said piston; and springs carried on said valve rod to normally hold said valves against said perforated piston.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of a witness. a ARTHUR DICKERSON, Witness: f

SAM RANEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

7 Washington, D. G. 

